Fascinating Facts about Edgar Allan Poe - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1085 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/06/26 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Edgar Allan Poe Essay Did you like this example? Did you know that Edgar Allan Poe may have been named after a Shakespearean character? Me either! Did you know that he also got kicked out of West Point on purpose? This happened because he showed up to role call butt naked. He also was obsessed with cats. Everytime he wrote he would have a cat sitting on his shoulder. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Fascinating Facts about Edgar Allan Poe" essay for you Create order Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most famous writers from the 19th century. He is most known for his mystery, detective, and horror short stories. Edgar Allan Poe was a great American writer, editor, and literary critic and through his childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and his literary influence, which changed the American literary landscape. Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts on January 19, 1809 and died on October 7, 1849. He is the son of David Poe Jr. and Elizabeth Arnold Poe. Both of his parents were professional actors. He had an older brother and a younger sister. By the time that Edgar was three years old, he and his siblings were orphans. Each of the children were sent to different families. Edgar then moved to Richmond, Virginia and lived with John and Frances Allan. He later took the name of Allan as his middle names. John and Frances Allan were wealthy people, because John was a industrious merchant. However, they never adopted him but he was always treated like a son until he entered his teenage years and wanted to become a writer. John Allan was disappointed and disapproved of him becoming a writer, gambling, drinking, and believed he wasnt living up to his potential. He was so against him becoming a writer that it seems that he may have cut Poe out of his will. It was a rough patch for Poe, a nd he turned to gambling when it came to needing money. In about eight months he had lost two-thousand dollars, or in todays value about forty-thousand dollars. In 1827, Poe signed up for a five-year term in the United States Army. Not only did he enlist in the army, around the same time he published his very first book. A couple years later, after enlisting in the U.S. Army, he was given notice that Frances Allan was dying of tuberculosis. By the time Poe had arrived back in Richmond she had passed away. After he had come home, he made peace with John and John helped Poe get an appointment with the United States Military Academy at West Point. While Poe was at West Point, he had fought with his foster father about him getting remarried and not telling Poe about it. Even though Poe had excelled outstandingly at West Point, he ended up getting kicked out like I had recently mentioned earlier on. In between the years of him enlisting in the Army and getting accepted into West Point he had published his second book. After he had been kicked out of West Point, he published his third book. Along with publishing his third book, he went on to win a short story contest in the Baltimore Saturday Visiter. The Baltimore Saturday Visiter was a weekly periodical in Baltimore that published some of Poes works. If it werent for his great education he never would have become such a excellent writer. Edgar Allan Poe was taken in by a wealthy family but not adopted as you already know. What most people dont know is that his foster family put him through private academies to give him the best education he could possibly get. Not only did he attend private academies, but he went and stayed in England/Scotland for 5 years and given a classical education. After being across the world for five years, he came back and attended the University of Virginia for eleven months, in 1826. During this time, he was having money issues as I mentioned earlier on and he got into gambling. This did not help him however as I have already told you. He enlisted in the U.S. Army again. After this, he attended the United States Military Academy at West Point. Along with his education helped him become a great literature influencer. Edgar Allan Poe is a great American literary influencer. He was a writer from the 19th century but he is still a well known writer in the 21st century. Poe still has a great impact on writer of todays society. Edgar was one of the first writers to develop the genre of both detective fiction and horror, which set him off from different writers during this time. Poes work is not only known by Americans, but became an influence overseas such as the French, Italians, and writers in Spanish and Portuguese in the Americas acknowledge and demonstrate their debts to Poe in technique and vision. He has many short stories that are still being read in todays english classes. Many people are still learning from his short stories and learning a whole lot. Edgar Allan Poe was a great, American writer, editor, and literary critic due to his early life, his adulthood, his education, and his literary influence on the American literary landscape. Edgar is one of the most famous writers from the 19th century that we still learn from today. Poe wrote great mystery, detective, and horror short stories. He may not have grown up with his birth parents due to them passing away but he had a very well educated childhood and a very nice home to stay with. He had turned to gambling when his foster father took him out of his will when he found out that Poe wanted to be a writer. Edgar then enlisted into the army for 5 years. Around the time he enlisted into the army he had published his very first book. His foster father then helped him get into West Point Military Academy, which he ended up getting kicked out due to the fact that he showed up to role call butt naked. Poe may have died in 1849 but he will always be known as one of the greatest Americ an writers and he will always be a great American literary influencer. He not only influenced in the Americas but all over the world. As Poe often said, Believe only half of what you see and nothing that you hear. This quote pretty much means what it says, believe only half of what you see no matter where it is at and dont believe anything you hear because people change stories around to make them more interesting.

Hard Times Of The Great Depression - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1018 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Great Depression Essay Did you like this example? Everybody in the U.S faced problems during the Great Depression. The Great Depression started October 29, 1929 and at the end of 1933 millions of Americans had no jobs, the depression started to end around 1941. Three things not heavily realized affected by the Great Depression, politics in California, Okies in California, and the election of 1932 FDR. These three things, Politics in California, Okies in California, and the 1932 election of FDR were affected by the Depression, heres why. During the depression and after the Dust Bowl Okies had lost everything. They were originally farmers from the Southern Plains but the Dust Bowl hit and they lost everything, then they overproduced and prices dropped heavily from the bushel and left basically everyone broke. Most of them went to California to find a job because there was a diversity of crops to be grown there and they thought there would be more job opportunities. As soon as they got their California had an issue, California had once advertised for more migrant workers found themselves overwhelmed by up to 7,000 new migrants a month. They were not as ready for this as they thought they were there was so many new people it was a huge sudden change and there wasnt jobs for everybody. There was some jobs to be had but it was astonishing how many new people were coming monthly in time. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Hard Times Of The Great Depression" essay for you Create order Thus, some people didnt get the life they were looking for, But there wasnt enough work for everyone who came. Instead of immediate riches, they often found squalor in roadside ditch encampments. Most had not gotten the life they wanted instead they were back to square one with nothing. They had to figure out what to do in little time to make money or they would be set like this for a long time. Places like this wherent ideal to live in especially when it comes to sanitation. Furthermore, Due to insufficient sanitation in these camps, disease ran rampant among the migrant workers and their families had no running water, and with their minimal pay medical attention was out of the question. Disease spreads like wildfire with no sanitation it can get many people sick and especially with no money for medical attention they had nothing to treat them and just hoped it would get better. That obviously in most cases doesnt work and ends up killing hundreds maybe thousands of people. Okies in California wherent getting the journey and prosperity they were hoping for from the dust bowl and the great depression. Education in California, was affected by the great depression in many ways but mostly not having any money because there was none to finance the schools. People had no money also so kids just stayed home and supported their families. In this instance, Reduced the level of state support for schools so they couldnt get the funds they needed. This took a toll on property tax payers by having to pay extra money to try to finance the schools. Kids couldnt get an education like they could before, because they couldnt pay for the essentials to have the school working like new books, electricity bills, and even the teachers. Another statement regards ?Children worked to support their families they were unable to go to school Kids parents were struggling to pay bills so they had to support them. Some ways were getting a job or helping around the house, they had no time to go to school. In addition, Had to force a substantial change in means of financing public education Therefore big change was occurring in being able to finance public education with having no money. They had none to fund the schools to keep them running or most of them having to close down, which in turn means no education for most people so that would affect everybody because if they didnt have an education they wouldnt have the tools to get a job which you would need to know the information. The election of 1932(FDR): The election of 1932 was important! People were looking for a president who could get them out of the worst times of the depression they needed stability. That started with who was going to lead the country out of these poor times. They needed a reason that will have change and give the people of the United States hope. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) running for president of 1932 by his reasons he gave the people, Furthermore, FDR told Americans that only by working together could the nation overcome the economic crisis The people were willing to vote for anyone who could bring them out of the great depression. FDR was going to work to achieve that goal as much as he can by using his rationalism and knowledge. Additionally, He promised aid to farmers, public development of electric power, a balanced budget, and government policing of irresponsible private economic power. Due to these reasons he gave people in crisis hope to give them stability and that gav e the people a good reason to vote for FDR. There was so many people in crises that need aid and electric power that gave FDR a huge percentage of votes. Election day came around and lastly, On election day Roosevelt received nearly 23 million popular votes (57.3 percent) to Hoovers nearly 16 million (39.6 percent); the electoral vote was 472 to 59. FDR creamed Hoover, he won by more than 450 electoral votes which you need to have more than the other person to get elected. He won by seven million in the popular vote (60% of the people that voted went with FDR) He was the clear favorite and brought the best campaign to become the president of the United States in the election of 1932 and became the 32nd president. The Depression affected many things but these three topics was something not recognized as much as many other topics. How the Depression, affected Politics, The Okies in California, and The Election of 1932 and how FDR got voted as the President of the United States. The Depression and Dust Bowl overwhelmed everybody in America from any race you were to where you lived.

The Media Image Of Women - 844 Words

The way the media depicts women also categorizes which sports are female friendly and which are not. The more the media portrays women as delicate and skinny the more people will associate them with certain sports. Likewise for men, the more physical contact and tough a sport is then it is more associated with men. The way these sports are covered in the media, the language used when reporting it and the visual aspects of how it is displayed subconsciously causes people to assign genders to the sport. This is seen in sports such as gymnastics. It is considered a feminine sport and therefore only women should be participating in it. If a man did decide to do gymnastics or figure skating he is presumed to be gay. With that being said the only time women get the most attention is during the Olympics. Specifically, when they air those feminine sports is when they receive the most amount of exposure in the media. â€Å"Therefore, the only sports in which women may be expected to receive equal (or greater) production treatment as men are the sliver of sports considered feminine, such as gymnastics or figure skating† (Greer, Hardin, Homan, 2009, p. 185). A part of this reason is because some of our top competitors in the Olympics (China and Russia) have very strong gymnastics and figure skating teams. Naturally, everyone wants to see America beat another country in something they are stereotypically supposed to be good at. This causes an increase in viewership for theseSh ow MoreRelatedThe Media Image Of Women1129 Words   |  5 Pagesdebate over the Caitlyn Jenner story, a media icon that has recently transitioned from being male to female. Although she is, in fact, the most famous trans person of our time, the media’s portrayal of her as a naturally glamorous trans woman, distorts the image of what it actually is like to be transgender. The trans community have expressed their opinion on the topic stating Jenner is not an accurate example of the lifestyle experienced by most trans women. The National LGBTQ Task Force statesRead MoreThe Media Images Of Women1785 Words   |  8 PagesKelsey Drevyn Dr. S. Dutt WGS 305 16 February 2016 A Small Presence Hiding in the Big Picture: Media Images of Women Even inadvertently, we absorb over 34gbs of data per day on average, according to a recent study by the University of California San Diego (Short, 2012). We spend most of our day consuming media images, whether we mean to or not. Every sign we pass, each magazine we happen to glance at the cover of, our friends’ and strangers’ Instagram posts, and Facebook ads and articles frame aRead MoreNegative Body Image of Women in the Media2325 Words   |  10 PagesEffects on Women Based on Portrayals of Hollywood Women Today media ranges from television to newspaper articles. Many in society do not realize the negative effects that the media portrays to young women. Young women are more susceptible to these negative side effects resulting in low self-esteem, eating disorders, or depression. Media projects images of women that have been surgically or technologically edited, these projections are causing negative effects. These unrealistic women have aRead MoreMedia And Women s Self Image Essay1851 Words   |  8 PagesMEDIA AND WOMEN’S SELF-IMAGE This paper will discuss the view that the media generally has a negative impact on the self-image of women. The evidence to support this view has been provided by the arguments of women writers and the findings of empirical studies over the years. Media representations present an ideal for female appearance and behavior. Women, especially those who are young and impressionable, accept this seemingly authoritative ideal and develop a negative self-image when their ownRead MoreMedia Influence On Women s Body Image1688 Words   |  7 Pagesperfect body image has changed in many ways. This is very evident in the female sex, especially through media. â€Å"Americans spend about 68 hours per week exposed to various forms of media† (US Census Bureau 2009). This media exposure through outlets such as t.v., radio, music videos, movies, and the internet, all influence the way people think about gender. The media influence is very evident in the way people view women and think about women in different cultures. Media influence on women creates negativeRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Women s Body Image1242 Words   |  5 Pagesinfluence of the media on all aspects of culture and society has been a issue around the world. One of the social cultural aspects particularly influenced by the media is body image. A surprisingly large number of individuals, the majority of which are young women, develop their body image in with the ideas advanced by the media, which judge women’s attractiveness based on how thin they are. Body-image plays a very important role in our individualistic society. 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When a woman sees a representation of the â€Å"ideal body† on advertisements on television, magazines, or social media, they compare it to their own bodies, and when their bodies fail to resemble those seen in the media, a negative body image and negative self-esteem is developed. The issue is that what is seen in the media is unattainable. The media primarilyRead MoreHow Media Affects Women Body Image1924 Words   |  8 Pages　How media affects women’s body image Mass media is designed to reach large audiences through the use of technology. Its purpose is meant to give information we need to function as a society. Mass media is everywhere; there is no escaping from it. From the moment you wake until you fall asleep you are confronted with media. Almost every home in America has at least one television, access to the internet, and cell phones. Someone cannot drive down the highway without seeing billboard signs. CheckingRead MoreMass Media Affects Women s Body Image Essay873 Words   |  4 PagesMass media affects women’s body image in many ways. â€Å"Media images of ridiculously thin women are everywhere- television shows, movies, popular magazines† (Farrar). Starting at a very young age, girls are exposed to media suggestions about what the â€Å"ideal† female body image should be. â€Å"Concern over weight and appearance related issues often surface early in females’ development, and continues throughout the l ifespan† (Serdar). Teenagers often see celebrities, fashion models, and show hosts as role

Hospitalizations for Heart Failure Pashient

Question: Discuss about the Report for Hospitalizations for Heart Failure Pashient. Answer: Part A The essay is on the topic of heart failure and its causes. Heart failure is a major public health issue worldwide, and its incidence is rising. The lifetime risk of developing heart failure cases is one in five people. It is a potential burden on the health care system with high rates of hospitalization and outpatient visit. The severity of the disease can be predicted by its risk factors such as ischemic heart disease, smoking, obesity, diabetes and hypertension. This essay will discuss the epidemiology of heart failure and the fatality of the disease. It will also focus on the incidence of heart failure in Malaysia and how it has affected people in Malaysia. The situation can be dealt with by new models of patient-centered care that can support heart failure patient and decreases hospitalization rate. It will describe the burden of the disease and what actions need to be taken to minimize the incidence of heart failure. The thesis statement would be reducing the global burden of he art failure. Congestive heart failure is a clinical condition which occurs when the heart muscle weakens and cannot pump blood sufficiently to maintain normal blood flow in the body. The structural or functional cardiac disorder impairs ventricle's ability to fill or eject blood. The condition develops over time when pumping action of heart weakens in the individual. Heart failure can affect the right ventricle or left ventricle or both sides of the heart. It may either systolic or diastolic and acute or chronic. Heart failure begins with the left ventricle of the heart as it is the main pumping chamber of the heart (Mann et al., (2014). The symptoms associated with heart failure include shortness of breath, tiredness, and swelling. The breathing problems worsen during exercise, while lying down. Acute heart failure results due to acute pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock characterized by hypotension and peripheral vasoconstriction. Heart failure may be ongoing (chronic) or occurring suddenly (Acute heart failure). It may cause irregular heartbeat, persistent cough with pink or white phlegm, increased the need to urinate at night, abdomen swelling, weight gain, lack of appetite and nausea, lack of appetite and chest pain (when heart failure occurs by heart attack) (Roger, 2012). This section will discuss the cause of Left-sided heart failure. It occurs when the heart cannot pump adequate oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body. During left-sided heart failure, it causes blood to congest into the lungs causing respiratory problem and fatigue due to insufficient supply of blood. Pulmonary edema is detected by crackles sounds. Severe pulmonary edema may cause cyanosis due to low blood oxygen. Other symptoms of left ventricular failure include gallop rhythm indicating increased blood flow and laterally displaced apex beat when the heart is enlarged. Heart murmurs may also indicate heart failure (Vachiry et al., 2013). Right-sided heart failure affects right ventricle when the heart cannot pump enough blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen. In this case, fluids accumulate in the abdomen, legs, and feet causing swelling. Right-sided heart failure is caused by left side heart failure. This is because when left ventricle does not pump blood efficiently, the pressure in the left side builds up and right side fails. When blood backups in the ventricles into the lungs and then the right ventricle also fails. This then extends to the liver and other organs. It is also caused by chronic lung disease, tricuspid stenosis (Narrowing the tricuspid valve), pulmonic stenosis ( narrowing the pulmonary valve), tricuspid regurgitation (improper closing of tricuspid valve), pericardial constriction (stiffening of pericardium) and left-to-right shunt (abnormal connection between left and right side of the heart) (Schwartzenberg et al., 2012). Systolic heart failure occurs when the left side of the heart cannot pump blood out of the body normally. It is called systolic as ventricles cannot contract completely during systole, and so the test may show low ejection fraction. It may be caused by coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, high blood pressure, arrhythmia (irregular heart rhythm), mitral regurgitation and viral myocarditis (viral infection in heart muscle). Coronary artery disease or heart attack blocks the arteries thus limiting blood flow to heart muscle. It damages heart muscle and impairs heart muscle's ability to pump blood. Cardiomyopathy weakens the heart muscle, and when the patient has high blood pressure, the heart has to work harder against increased pressure further damaging heart muscles. In the case of mitral regurgitation, mitral valve does not close properly leading to leakage on the left side of the heart (E Hogan Cowger, 2014). Diastolic heart failure occurs due to declining in the performance of one or both sides of the ventricle during diastole. Diastole is the event in cardiac cycle during which heart relaxes, and it is filled with blood coming from the body through the inferior and superior vena cavae to the right atrium and from lungs to left atrium. Diastolic dysfunction is detected by Doppler echocardiography. Left ventricular stiffening may be caused due to prolonged hypertension, aortic stenosis, diabetes, restrictive cardiomyopathy and old age people (Jackson, 2013). The general cause of heart failure is previous myocardial infarction, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, excess consumption of alcohol and cardiomyopathy. All these symptoms either changes the function or the structure of the heart. Since heart failure is caused by myocardial infarction, this section will analyze what events lead to heart attack in the individual. A heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart is disrupted causing damage to heart muscles. The heart is deprived of oxygen due to blockage of a coronary artery. The coronary artery is involved in supplying the heart muscle with oxygenated blood. In the absence of oxygen, muscle cells begin to die or infarct. The symptoms of heart attack are chest pain which may travel to back, arm, shoulder or jaw. The heart attack is also associated with nausea, the faint sensation, cold sweat and tiredness. Those persons who have diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity and those who has poor diet intake, cons umes lot of alcohol and does not exercise are at more risk of myocardial infarction. It is diagnosed by the test like an electrocardiogram, blood tests like troponin and creatinine kinase and coronary angiography (McMurray et al., 2012). This section gives insight into diagnosis of heart failure. Heart failure is a costly and fatal condition. It is diagnosed by analyzing the history of symptoms and confirmed by echocardiography. Physicians determine the underlying cause of heart failure by blood test and chest radiography. The severity and cause of the disease may vary in individuals, so treatment will also depend on these factors. If any patient is suffering from mild heart failure, then they have advised lifestyle modification such as quitting smoking, increasing physical exercise, and changes in diet and medications. For patients with left-ventricular heart failure, angiotensin receptor blockers are given during treatment. Severe heart failure patients are treated by receptors blockers and beta blockers. In several cases, implantable cardiac defibrillator or pacemaker is also implanted in patients. In severe cases, cardiac resynchronization therapy is performed. If all form of treatment option fails, then ventricu lar assistive device or heart transplant is recommended (Roger, 2013). This section discusses the epidemiological transition of cardiovascular disease with time. The health status and illness profile of people in the society depends on the extent of economic development and social organization in any place. When countries were in the earliest stage of development, rheumatic heart disease was prevalent due to nutritional deficiency disorder. This region included south-Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and South America. During the second stage of development, hemorrhagic stroke, and hypertensive heart disease became common. An example of this regions includes China and other Asian countries. With further development in society, life-expectancy improved but high-calorie diet, cigarette smoking, and sedentary lifestyle became common. This led to the prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and ischemic heart disease. This disease is prevalent in India, Latin America, and other countries. During the last stage of development, efforts to prevent and diag nose disease delay the disease to later ages. Regions in this stage include Western Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand (Sakata Shimokawa, 2013). This section discusses the global burden of cardiovascular diseases. The severity of cardiovascular disease is dependent on lifestyle determinants of diet, physical activity, and tobacco consumption. Heart disease is now the leading cause of death worldwide leading to about 17.5 million deaths per year. It is estimated that the incidence heart disease is going to rise by more than 23 million by 2030. In 2008, cardiovascular disease was the cause of 30% death worldwide with most of them occurring in low and middle-income countries. It takes more lives than all forms of cancer put together. The direct and indirect burden of the disease is high. It has led to increased health expenditure and loss of productivity. It is also a leading cause of death in U.S with about 1 in 7 cases of death reported. In Europe and America, 1-2% of total health expenditure is incurred in heart failure treatment. More than 74% of cardiac patients suffer from at least one comorbidity to worsen the overall hea lth status of the individual (Cook et al., 2014). In Malaysia, 6.7 % of the population is diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. The burden of the disease is determined by hospitalization rate, the cost of drugs, primary treatment and other treatment in countries. It is a challenge for the health care system to effectively manage the disease. The incidence of heart disease is more prevalent in women than in men (Sakata Shimokawa, 2013). This section is about incidence of heart failure in Malaysia. Global burden of disease is estimated by measuring the disability-adjusted-life-year (DALY) in selected population. One DALY is equal to one lost year of healthy life. It is calculated by sum of Years of Life Lost (YLL) and Years Lost due to Disability (YLD). In Malaysia, life expectancy for male is 71.7 years and 78 years for females. In Malaysia, ischemic heart disease, road injuries and cerebrovascular disease is the leading cause of death in terms of years of life lost (YLL). The major risk factor in Malaysia includes risk due to diet, high systolic pressure and high body mass index. Highest mortality rate was found in males within the age of 45-49 years. Ischemic heart disease continues to be the number one cause of death in Malaysia. It was in the first ranking both in the year 1990 and year 2013. According to latest published data of WHO in 2014, deaths due to coronary heart disease in Malaysia have reached 23.10%. Malaysia ranks 33rd in the world according to age-adjusted death rate, and it were 150.1 per 1 lakh population (Khatibzadeh et al.,,2013).. The major risk factor for disease burden in Malaysia includes dietary risk, high blood pressure, and cigarette smoking. Adults between 15-49 years had dietary risk and children under five years had risk because of being underweight. It is a public health concern for Malaysia as the mortality due to coronary artery disease has increased three-fold in the last forty years (Yusuf et al., 2014). Malaysian population mainly consists of Indians, Chinese, and Malays. Although Indians comprise only 10% of the population, 56 % of patients having the heart attack before 40 years were Indians (Callender,2014). This is because Indians have the major prevalence of risk factors like diabetes, high blood pressure, and cholesterol. For patients with heart coronary surgery, common risk factors include dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. In the case of patients with heart attack, Indians had 4 % higher rate of diabetes than Malays. Other risk factors include obesity, low physical activity. So if there is a health drive to control the disease, the burden of the disease can be reduced. Heart failure has lead to high hospitalization rates and dismal survival rate compared to other cancers. It is also found that Asians suffer from heart failure ten years earlier than Western population (Dokainish et al., 2015). This section is a detail on pharmacological management of heart disease. Malaysia can also reduce the burden of the disease if health care takes a role in adopting strategies to reduce heart disease incidence. Physician indicates diuretics to those heart disease patient who has symptoms of fluid retention. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors are first line of drug for treatment of heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. This medication improves survival rate and quality of life in all kinds of heart failure. Digoxin is also a drug for heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Beta blockers are recommended to reduce the risk of exacerbation and clinical deterioration due to heart failure. Anticoagulation therapy with warfarin is indicated for patients with atrial fibrillation and past history of thromboembolic episodes. There are also surgical procedures to reduce the disease. This includes revascularization therapy for ischaemic heart failure patients and balloon v alvoplasty for valvular heart disease. For a patient with low heart rate, pacemakers are beneficial. In severe cases, implantable cardioverter defibrillators are given for complications like resuscitated sudden cardiac death. When conventional surgical treatment fails, heart transplantation is the standard mode of treatment in such case. It increases quality of life and survival rate (Ambrosy et al., 2014). This section is about prevention strategy for heart failure. Due to the significant morbidity and mortality associated with the disease worldwide and in Malaysia. Prevention strategy is necessary to reduce the incidences of heart disease. Prevention is crucial not just because of high morbidity and mortality, but also due to the high cost of medical treatment and time lost due to absence from work. It is necessary to analyze risk factor both at the individual level and by geographical location. Promoting lifestyle changes like quitting smoking, lipid reduction, dietary changes, improving the socio-economic condition and different therapy is the most important factor for preventing the heart disease (Mohamed et al., 2014).. This section is about the role of healthcare department in making appropriate health policies. Healthcare department has a significant role in implementing policies and programs to reduce the burden of heart disease globally. They need to promote ways of prevention of heart failure by public awareness programs. They need to optimize care regimen, improve end-of-life care and provide equity of attention to all class of people in all countries. Health care organizations need to appoint specialist of heart failure in all discipline who manage the patient in an emergency. The health care models need to be redeveloped to implement better methods of quality care. Many people are not aware of the risk factors for heart disease and so giving support and education to the public in this regard is essential. There might be some shortcomings in the treatment process, so more research should be done to discover new therapy (Callender et al., 2014). Prevention of heart failure should be a priority for policymakers, particularly for the high-risk population. Certain illness is also the risk factors for heart failure. Such patients should be encouraged to introduce lifestyle changes that minimize the possibility of heart disease. There should be more support for the implementation of public awareness programs that educated the public on heart failure, its cause, symptoms and prevention strategies. Health care professional should also be given the responsibility to identify patients with those illnesses that increase the risk of heart failure (Chiang et al., 2014). Such patients any given preventive medications. It is also important to raise awareness among healthcare professionals, and the purpose should be to improve diagnosis and treatment procedure and provide proper clinical practice guidelines to medical staff. Patients should be empowered to take adequate health care before developing the disease. Further research in heart f ailure is also an important factor for reducing the incidence of heart failure. The government and other health care department should provide a fund to encourage collaborative research. It will improve understanding of the pattern and effect of cardiovascular disease and will lead to prevention across the globe. Patients receiving long-term preventive therapy should regularly be assessed. Large scale screening program should also be arranged for the patient at risk of developing heart failure. It will lead to cost-effectiveness and increase life expectancy in people (Klement et al., 2015). From the overall essay, it can be summarized that heart failure is the leading cause of disease worldwide, and adequate steps need to be taken to combat the effect of mortality and morbidity associated with the disease. The essay described the epidemiology of heart failure giving details on all types of heart failure. It explained the cause of heart failure and its symptoms. It reported the prevalence of heart disease globally and the burden of disease. About Malaysian context, it gave the detailed regarding the impact of heart disease in the region and what risk factors has made it the place with the highest incidence of the disease. It gave detail it different available treatment option for the disease. The final part of the essay gave a recommendation regarding policies that needs to be made to prevent heart disease. It gave details regarding improvement in heath care system awareness programs to enable people to make appropriate lifestyle changes. Part b From the pie chart, one can infer that National Library is a source for borrowing both academic and non-academic books. Books are available in different subjects in the library like history, science, biography, fiction and self-help subject books. After analyzing the percentage of books that were borrowed from the library, it is seen that people are mainly interested in books related to fiction. This is evident from the pie chart as it shows that 43 % people borrowed books on fiction. This might be because the National Library is not just for the use of student and college goers, but other class of people also comes to the library. The majority of book lovers have an interest in reading fiction books. So they may be visiting the library in their leisure time to read and enjoy such books. It is a good way of spending time on our own. People get engrossed in such fictional stories. The percentage of individuals taking biography book was 19%. It may indicate that many people are interes ted in knowing about the life of influential and inspiring characters in history. The percentage of science and history book borrowed were 14 %. This could be because of students coming to the library for help in their coursework. Self-help books have the least number of borrowers which was 10%. It is because very few people rely on self-help books. People may prefer searching the internet to find information instead of relying on such books. Reference Ambrosy, A. P., Fonarow, G. C., Butler, J., Chioncel, O., Greene, S. J., Vaduganathan, M., ... Gheorghiade, M. (2014). The global health and economic burden of hospitalizations for heart failure: lessons learned from hospitalized heart failure registries.Journal of the American College of Cardiology,63(12), 1123-1133. Callender, T., Woodward, M., Roth, G., Farzadfar, F., Lemarie, J. C., Gicquel, S., ... Bennett, D. (2014). 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